Te Haumātua me te Kāore he Tōkino: Ngā Painga o ngā Pārāwaha Whakamārama Ā-Taiao

Ko ngā rāngai whakamātautau āwhina i tēnei wā e piki ake ana i ō rātou whakamārama i te haumātua o ngā kaimahi me te uru whakamātautau i te taiao, nō reira ko ngā pīhanga photoluminescent he wāhanga matua i ngā whakamāhi maha. Ko ēnei ngā kōrero hou he uaua tonu i ngā pūmahara o te pūpūhi i te pō, ākine kāore he whakamātau i ngā whakamārama haumātua, i ngā tauā o te whakamātautau i te taiao, i ngā tauā o te whakamātautau i te taiao. Ko te mātauranga i ngā painga me ngā whakamāhi o ngā pīhanga photoluminescent he āhua pai hei whakamārama i ngā kaitohu whakamātautau kia whakamāramatia ai ngā kōrero hei whakamārama i ngā whakamāhi o ēnei kōrero i ō rātou rāngai whakamātautau.

Ko te whananga o ngā pīhanga photoluminescent i hurihuri i ngā tohu haumaru, ngā rārangi wāhi whakamātautau, me ngā whakamātautau tuhinga i ngā rohe rerehua. Ko ngā whakamātautau o tēnei wā he whakakore i ngā kōpū rāhui e whai ana i ngā whakamātautau mātātoko i mua, ā, i whakauru mai i ngā pīhanga alkaline earth aluminates me ngā pīhanga zinc sulfide e haumaru ana. Ko tēnei whananga i whakamārama ai i te whakamātautau o ngā pīhanga photoluminescent ki ngā ture haumaru pūmau, ā, i tūhono hoki i ngā ahuatanga whakamātautau pai ake i ngā whakamātautau tūturu.

Te Whakamārama i te Whakamātautau ahi (Photoluminescent) me ōna Whakamātautau

Te Whakamātautau Matū me te Pūkenga Haumaru

Ko ngā pīhanga whakamārama o tēnei wā e whakamahi ana i te strontium aluminate me te zinc sulfide hei ngā huinga kaha matua, kāore he rāhui i ngā mātūtū rāhui i mua i ngā whakamātautau tuatahi. Ko ēnei ingoa kāore he tōkā, e whai ana i te hiko o te ao i te wā o te whakamātautau, ā, e whakaputangia ana i te wā roa mai i te phosphorescence, e whakamārama ana i te wā roa kāore he hiko e hiahiatia. Ko te tāwhai o ngā huinga nei e whakamārama ana i te haumārere o ngā pīhanga whakamārama i tō rātou wā mahi, ahakoa ngā rerekētanga o te hāuru me ngā whakamātautau o te pākihi.

Ko ngā kaiwhakamahi i ngā kōpū whakamātautau i ngā kōpū whakamātautau ā-huinga e whakamāhi ana i ngā tikanga whakamātautau tāwhai, kia whakamāna ai te whakamāmā ki ngā pākaikai haumaru o te ao, tēnei i ngā tikanga ASTM E2072 me DIN 67510. Ko ēnei whakamātautau maha hei whakamātautau i ngā rahi o ngā hāngā kino, te whāia o te whakamātautau ki te kaki, me ngā pānga ki te taiao kia whakamāna ai he rereke, he rereke ake, te whakamāmā ki ngā whakaritenga o te ture. Ko ngā whakamātautau o ngā taiwhenua ā-wāhi e whakaatu ana i te rongoā kia kore he pānga ki te hauora i te wā o te whakamāhi, o te whakamāhi, o te whakamāhi i te mutunga, o ngā kōpū whakamātautau ā-huinga o tēnei wā.

Ngā Īnanga Mahi me te Roa Ora

Ko ngā pīhanga o te whakamātautau kōpū hou o te pūngāwai e whakaatu ana i ngā rere o te mātātoko tino pai i muri tonu i te whakamātautau kōpū hou, ā, ko te roa o te whakamātautau kōpū hou e taea ana te hāngā atu ki te tekau mā rua haora, arā i te rerekētanga o te whakamātautau me ngā āhua o te whakamātautau. Ko te whakamātautau kōpū hou o ēnei kōpū e whakawhanui ake ana i ngā whakamātautau kōpū hou tāwhai i ngā rere tino nui, e whakapānui ana i te whakaahua i ngā wā pāpātanga inā he rerekē ngā pūnaha whakamātautau kōpū hou. Ko ngā tikanga whananga āki e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau ana i te whakamātautau kōpū hou e whakamātau......

Ko te whakamātautau i te pānga o te hāngā ki te wāhanga o te hāngā he tauira anō o ngā whakamātautau o ngā kōpū pūtāwha ōrite, ā, ko ngā kōpū pai ake e tū ake ana i ngā wāhanga hāngā mai i te -40°C ki te +150°C. Ko tēnei tāwhai o te hāngā e whakamārama ana i ngā whakamāhi i ngā taiao maha o te ao hāngā i reira ka rere tonu ngā kōpū pūtāwha tawhito. Ko te tāwhai o ngā kōpū pūtāwha e whakamārama ana i te roa o te wāhanga o te hāngā me ngā hāngā iti ake o te whakamāhi i ngā kōpū pūtāwha i ngā rākau rere, i ngā kōpū pūtāwha i ngā hāngā rere, i ngā kōpū pūtāwha i ngā hāngā rere.

Ngā Whakamāhi i te Ao Hāngā me ngā Painga o te Haumaru

Te Hāngā o te Whakamāhi i te Wāhanga o te Haumaru me ngā Tohu Haumaru

Ko ngā rākau whakamātautau i te wā o te whakamātautau he rākau e whakamātautau ana i te āhua o te whakamātautau i te wā o te whakamātautau, i ngā ahi, i ēnei āhua whakamātautau kē i te wā i tāwhai ai ngā rākau whakamātautau. Ko ēnei rākau e whakamātautau ana i ngā āhua o te whakamātautau i ngā wā o te whakamātautau, ā, e whakamātautau ana i te wā i tāwhai ai ngā rākau whakamātautau, kāore he hāngā whakamātautau i te rorohiko, kāore he hāngā whakamātautau i te rorohiko. Ko ngā tohunga haumaru e mōhio ana ko ngā rākau whakamātautau he rākau pai ake i ngā rākau whakamātautau e whakamātautau ana i te rorohiko, ā, e whakamātautau ana i ngā wā o te whakamātautau.

Ko ngā rārangi whakamātautau me ngā ture haumaru e whakamana ake ana i te whakamātautau i ngā kōpū whakamātautau i ngā whare pātua, ngā whare mahi, me ngā whare hāpori hei whakamāngai i te haumaru o ngā kaiwhakamahi i te wā o ngā whakamātautau. Ko te whai hua tonu o ngā kōpū whakamātautau i ngā āhuatanga taiao rerekē he take nui kia whakamātautau ai ngā huarahi, ngā ara, me ngā ara whakamutunga e tika ana kia kitea tonu ahakoa ngā āhuatanga wāhi. Ko te whakauru i ēnei kōpū ki ngā wāhanga o te whare he ara whānui hei whakamāngai i ngā kaiwhakamahi ki ngā whakamutunga o te whare, kāore he here ki ngā rākau hiko e māmā te pakaru.

Tohu Whare Mahi me te Whakamātautau

Ko ngā tāone whakamātautau e whakamahi ana i ngā kōpū whakamātautau mātātoko hei tohu i ngā wāhi pāngā, ngā rārangi whakamātautau o ngā taputapu, me ngā wāhanga matua o ngā rākau hāngai e hiahiatia ana te kitea i ngā āhua iti o te whakamātautau, i ngā wā kāore he hiko. Ko ēnei whakamātautau e whakapakari ana i te haumātua o ngā mahi i te whakamātautau i te whakamātautau kia kitea ai ngā tohu matua i ngā wā e hiahiatia ana āta tātai, ā, īnā ko ngā mahi whakamātautau, i ngā whakamātautau whakamātautau rānei. Ko te kore o ngā kōpū whakamātautau mātātoko o tēnei wā i te whakamātautau e whakamātautau ai i ngā whakamātautau i ngā mahi ā-tāngata i ngā wā o te whakamātautau me ngā whakamātautau.

Ko ngā tāone taiwhenua, ngā mahi kohinga kōpū, me ngā tāone whakamātautau pūngao e whai ana i ngā pūnaha tohu mātātoko e mahi ana i wāhi rānei i ngā hiko. Ko ngā āhua pāpātī o ngā taiao e rereke ana i ēnei tāone e hiahiatia ana ngā kōpū kaha kia whakamātautau ai i ngā mahi i ngā wā roa kāore he pakaru. Ngā kōpū whakamātautau mātātoko whakamātatai i ēnei whāinga pūkenga, i te wā anō e whakaputangia ana ngā whakautanga ā-wāhi e uta ana i ngā utu, e whakaiti ana i ngā utu whakamātau i te wā roa, ā, e whakapai ake ana i ngā putanga o te haumaru.

Pānga ki te Taiao me te Whakamaua

Nga Tukatuka Hanganga Taonga-Rau

Ko te whanonga o ngā kōpū whakamātautau o tēnei wā he whanonga hāngā ā-pūtaiao, ā, he iti ngā rākau kua whakamātauria, ā, kāore he whakamātautau kino i ngā rākau whakamātautau tawhito. Ko te whānui o ngā rākau tuatahi he whānui o ngā tikanga ā-pūtaiao, ā, ngā ara whakamātautau hāngā hei whakamātautau i te pānga ki te taiao i te katoa o te rārangi hāngā. Ko ngā whakamātautau kounga hei whakamātautau i ngā kōpū whakamātautau kua oti kia kāore he metara pū, he rākau rāhui, he rākau whakamātautau, he rākau whakamātautau rānei e whakamāhi ai i ngā rākau o te taiao.

Whakamātau i te ora o te ao (lifecycle assessments) e whakaatu ana ko ngā pīhanga whakamārama (photoluminescent pigments) he tauira pai ake i ngā whakamātautau hāngā hiko, ā, ī rātou i tēnei wā i te whakamātautau i te whakamahi i te hiko me te pakaru i ngā kōpū hāngā kārboni. Ko te mahinga takitahi o ēnei kōpū e whakakore ana i ngā hāngā hiko e mau ana, ā, he wāhi nui tēnei i te pakaru i ngā kōpū hāngā kārboni me ngā utu mahinga iti ake i te wā o te ora o te hua. Ko ngā whakamātautau i te whakakī i ngā kōpū he pai ake hoki, nā te kāore i rātou i ngā kōpū mātātoko kia whakamātautau ai, kia whakamātautau ai, kia whakamātautau ai.

Te Whakaritenga Ture me te Tiwhikete

Ko ngā rōpū whakamātautau ā-ao, tātai hoki i te Tāwhai Ārai Taiao me te Tāwhai Mātātoko Tāwhai o Tāwhai Pākehā, i whakamātautau i ngā pīhanga whakamārama ahi kia māhua, ā, i whakaae i tā rātou haumātua mō ngā whakamāhi i ngā mahinga tauhokohoko me ngā mahinga ahumāra. Ko ngā whakamātautau pūtaiao maha i whakaatu mai i tēnei, ko ēnei kōpae kāore he raru mātua ki te hauora o ngā kaimahi, o ngā kaihoko, o ngā rākau, o ngā wai, o ngā taiao i te whakamāhi i ngā ara e whakaritea ana. Ko ngā rārangi whakamātautau e whakamātautau ana i ngā pīhanga whakamārama ahi kia whakamātautau ai i tā rātou whakamāhi i ngā paerewa haumātua e ngā rōpū whakamātautau e whai ana.

Ko ngā tikanga whakamātautau kounga hei whakamārama i te whakamātautau tonu i ngā pīhanga whakamātautau i te wā o te whakamāhunga kia mau tonu ngā whāinga kounga me ngā paerewa haumaru. Ko ngā rorohiko ā-tuarua e whakamātautau ana i ngā taupānga o te hua me ōna āhuatanga haumaru, e tāwhai ana i te whakamārama ake mō ngā kaiwhakamahi i te ahua o te kōpae me ōna āhuatanga haumaru. Ko ēnei tikanga whakamātautau mātua hei whakamārama i te whakamātautau i ngā pīhanga whakamātautau kia tūāpapa mai i ngā paerewa teitei rawa i te haumaru, i te mahi, me te whakamāhi i te taiao.

Ngā Tikanga Whakauru me ngā Tikanga Pai

Te Whakamāhua i te Rākau me ngā Arapōhā o te Whakamāhua

Ko te whakamāhi i ngā pīhanga o te whakamārama i te ao mātātoko i te rerekē o ngā kōrero i te tāwhai i ngā tikanga whakamātautau i te āhua o te wāhi hei whakamāhi i ngā pīhanga, kia whakamāhinga ai i te whakauru me ngā āhua o te mahi. Ko ngā āhua mā, ngā āhua tāwhai, me ngā āhua kore he kōrero hou, he whakamāhi mō ngā āhua tāwhai e tāwhai ana i te āhua o te wāhi. Ko ngā kaiwhakamāhi pūkenga ngā tikanga o ngā pīhanga tuatahi me ngā whakamātautau āhua hei whakamāhinga i te whakauru i ngā pīhanga o te whakamārama i te ao mātātoko me ngā kōrero o te wāhi.

Ko ngā āhua whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i ngā pīkau hāngā whakamātautau ahi, me ngā hāngā whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i ngā pīkau hāngā whakamātautau ahi, me ngā hāngā whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i ngā pīkau hāngā whakamātautau ahi. Ko ngā āhua whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakamāhi i te whakam......

Te Kontrola o te Kaitaumāhi me te Whakamātautau i te Whaihua

Ko ngā whakamātautau i muri i te tāpae he whakamātautau hei whakamātaua i ngā kōkōrangi o te whakamārama kia eke ai ki ngā rahi mātua o te mārama me ngā whāinga wāhi i ngā āhuatanga mahi ake. Ko ngā kōkōrangi e whakamāhua ana i ngā uara o te mārama i ngā wā tuatahi i tohua, i muri i te whakamārama, hei whakamātaua i te whakamāmātanga ki ngā whāinga o te mahi. Ko te tuhinga o ngā whakamātautau he whakaatu pūmau mo te mahi o te rārangi, ā, he tautoko hoki i ngā mahi whakamārama.

Ko ngā ākihanga whakamārama tāwhai hei whakamātau i ngā kōkōrangi o te whakamārama kia whakamahinga tonu i ngā whāinga pai rawa atu i te wā katoa o tāna noho. Ko ngā ākihanga ā-tiro hei whakamātau i ngā wāhi e hiahia ana i te whakamārama i runga i ngā pānga ā-huinga, i ngā whakamāhinga, i ngā whakamāhinga ā-taumata, ā, i ngā whakamāhinga ā-taumata e whakamāhinga ai i te whakaahua. Ko ngā ākihanga ā-pātai hei whakamāhua i te wā o te noho o ngā rārangi o te whakamārama, ā, hei whakamāmātanga i te whakaahua haumaru i ngā āhuatanga katoa o te mahi.

Te Tautoko Moni me te Hokinga Moni

Whakaaro mō te Koha Tīmatanga

Ko te utu tuatahi o ngā pīhanga whakamārama ā-tāwhai he rerekē i ngā whakamāngangia ā-hiko i tēnei wā i tātā i ngā hāinga katoa o te rākau, tāwhai i ngā kōwhiringa hiko, ngā wāhanga hiko, me ngā utu mō te whakamahi. Ko te whakakore i ngā rākau hiko he whakamāmā i te pūrongo me ngā utu whakamahi, ā, he whakapai hoki i te pūmanawa o te rākau i te whakakore i ngā wāhi e whakamānganga ai. Ko ngā whakamātautau i te rārangi utu e whai ana i ngā utu mō ngā rākau whakamārama ā-tāwhai, ā, kāore he utu whakamāngangia tonu i te hiko, ā, kāore hoki he utu mō te whakakapi i ngā bateri.

Ko ngā utu mō ngā pūpuru whakamārama koukou i te koukou koukou he whakaahua o ngā hāhā o te hanga me ngā hāhā o te hanga i whakamāhinga ai ngā āhua o te mahi pai ake. Heoi anō, ko te roa o te wā o te whakamāhi me ngā hāhā iti o te whakamāhi i ēnei kōpae he whakamārama pai ki ngā whakamāhinga kei te whakamāhi i ngā wāhanga e whakamāhinga ana i ia wā, i ngā hāhā o te rākau rānei. Me whakaaro ngā utu o te wā katoa o te ora o te kōpae, kāore he whakaaro noa i ngā utu tuatahi o ngā kōpae.

Ngā Tauawhio o te Whakamāhi i te Wā Roa

Ko ngā whai hua o ngā pīhanga whakamārama i te ao mātātoko i tēnei wā he korenga o te whakamāhi i te hiko, he iti ake ngā hāinga mō te whakamāhi, me ngā wā roa o te whakamāhi e whakamāmā ana i ngā whakamāhi i ngā mahi tūturu. Ko te āhua takitahi o ēnei rākau e whakamāngai ana i ngā pānga o ngā whakamāhi hiko, ngā hapa o ngā rākau hiko, me ngā pānga o ngā wāhanga e whakamāngai ana i ngā pūnaha whakamārama tūturu. Ko ngā whakaaro mō te whakamāhi i ngā pūnaha haumaru whakamārama pea he whakamāhi ake i ngā whare, i tō rātou whakamāhi pai ake, me te iti ake o te whakamāhi i te ahi i tēnei wā i ngā whakamāhi hiko.

He whakamāmā i ngā utu whakamātautau mai i te mātua o ngā kōpū whakamātautau hou me ō rātou pūmau me ō rātou tūpono, ā, he iti ngā mahi e hiahiatia ana i te wā o tō rātou noho i te ao. Ko ngā whakamātautau kia wāhanga, he wāhanga iti te whakamātautau i te wāhanga o ngā kōpū, ā, kāore he hāngā rereke, he hāngā hāngā, he hāngā rereke rānei e hiahiatia ana. Ko te kore o ngā wāhanga e rere ana, ngā hononga hāngā, me ngā wāhanga e whakakapi ana i te wāhanga o ngā utu whakamātautau i te wāhanga o ngā utu whakamātautau, ā, he pai ake hoki te tūpono o te pūnaha me tōna wāhanga.

FAQ

He haumaru ngā kōpū whakamātautau mō ngā kaimahi i te wā o te whakamātautau?

Āe, ko ngā pīhanga whakamārama ā-hōu he whānui te whakamārama i ngā mahi kia haumaru mō ngā kaimahi i te whakamāhi i ngā tikanga haumaru tika. Kāore ēnei rākau i te whai i ngā taonga rādioaktī, ngā mātātoko paku, i ngā huinga tūāpapa e whai ana i ngā rākau haumaru. Ko ngā taputapu whakamāmā i te wā o te whakamāhi i ngā rākau, pērā i ngā mātātoko, ngā pākākī mātā, me ngā pākākī hau, he whānui te whakamāmā i ngā wā o te whakamāhi i ngā rākau me ngā whakamāhi. Ko ngā pukapuka whakamāmā i ngā rākau (MSDS) he whānui ngā āhua whakamāmā i ngā rākau me ngā whakamāhi i ngā rākau, ā, he whānui hoki ngā whakamāmā i ngā whāinga.

E hia ngā wā e whakamārama ana ngā pīhanga whakamārama i ō rātou āhua?

Ko ngā pīhanga o te whakamātautau kōpū mātātoko pai hoki e taea ana te whakamātau i te āhua o te whakamātautau kōpū mātātoko i te wā o te rā, i te wā e tekau mā rua te hōu, me te whakamātautau kōpū mātātoko o te mātātoko kaha i ngā hōu tuatahi i muri i te whakamātautau. Ko ngā wā me ngā kaha e whāia ana e ngā take āpiti, tēnei ko ngā whakamātautau, te wā o te whakamātautau, te kaha o te pūrere, me ngā āhuatanga o te taiao. Ko ngā whakamātautau kaha hei whakamātautau mō ngā whakamātautau haumaru e tino whakamāhi ana i te whakamātautau kōpū mātātoko i te wā e waru ki te tekau hōu i ngā āhuatanga noa o te whakamāhi.

He aha ngā mahi whakamāhi e hiahiatia ana mō pīkiri ātaahua i te mārama ngā whakamāhi?

Ko ngā hāinga whakamātau mō ngā pākahu whakamātautau ā-huinga he iti i te whakamātau i ngā whakamātautau e whakamāhinga ana i te hiko. Ko te whakamātau i ngā wāhi katoa ki te wai me te sapō māmā hei whakamātau i ngā riri, ngā kōpae rānei e hāngā ana i te whakamātautau ā-huinga. Me whakamātau ngā tirohanga ā-tiro hei whakamātau i ngā wāhi e hiahiatia ana te whakamātua anō i te hinga o waho, i te whakamāhua, i te whakamāhua noa rānei. Ko ngā whakamātautau nui katoa e hiahiatia ana he whakamātau i ngā wā katoa, me ngā whakamātua iti i ngā wā katoa hei whakamātau i te whakamātautau pai rawa i te wā o tēnei oranga.

Mātua whakamātautau ā-huinga e whakamāhinga ana i ngā wāhi o te hāngā o te hāngā?

Āe, kua whananga ngā pīhanga photoluminescent ā-pūmau kia mahi tino pai i ngā rāngi hāngai o te hāngā, i te matua mai i te whā tekau ki te rākau, ki te kotahi rau mā rima pereki Celsius. Kāore ngā whakamātautau ā-hāngai e whakamātautau ana i ngā pīhanga nei i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā, engari i ngā whakamātautau hāngā ā-tāwhai, kia mau tonu ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i ngā pūmahara o te whakamātautau hāngā i......