He aha te Pigment Photoluminescent? Katoa e hiahia ana koe ki te mōhio

Ko te pigment photoluminescent tētahi whanaketanga rerekē i te hangarau māmāri i huri ai ngā umanga mai i ngā tohu haumātauranga ki ngā toi whakapaipai. Ko tēnei matēria rongonui e koha ana i te kaha o te ātaahua, ka whakaputa kia puta noa ana i ngā tikanga pōkai, ā, ka waihangatia he arataki māmāri-ī-kōwhaiwi e kore e herekia ki ngā pūkenga waho. Te mōhio pīkiri ātaahua i te mārama ngā īnanga, ngā whakamahinga, me ngā tikanga hanga hei āwhina i ngā kaipakari kia whakatau mōhio kei te tika te whakauru i tēnei hangarau hou ki ō rātou kaupapa.

Ko te kaupapa pūtaiao mō ngā pigiama photoluminescent e whai ana i ngā tukanga photophysical herenga nui i reira e penapena ana ngā huinga motuhake i te kaha o te photon ka whakaroka ki te phosphorescence. Kua whanaketia tēnei āhuatanga e ngā tikanga hangarau hou kia pai ake ai te mārama, te roa o te wā, me te pumau o ēnei matēria, kia uanga ake ai mō ngā whakamahinga tohutohu me ngā whakamahinga ahumahi. Ko ngā rāwekenga matatau o nāianei e tuku ana i ngā āhuatanga mahi pai ake i ngā matēria māmāraitia tawhito, e tuku ana i ngā wā roa ake o muri i te mārama, me te manawaroa pai ake.

Ngā Taputapu Matua me te Kohinga

Te Pūtauimi me ngā Matēria Tūturu

Ko te turanga o te pātiki tūāpapa o te tioata pātiki tūāpapa kei ngā paraihe whenua raranga, īt specifically ko te europium me te dysprosium, e mahi ana hei whakahohe i ngā pouaka matua o te aluminate whenua alkali. Ko te strontium aluminate me te calcium aluminate ngā matāpae matua e mōhiotia ana, e tuku ana i te hāngaiti hāngaiti tino pai me te pūmahara matū. Ka pā ki ēnei tikanga ki ngā tikanga hangarau e pā ana ki te whakahaere tāwhai tāwhai me ngā tikanga āhuarangi e whakatau ana i te kounga o te hua mutunga.

Ko te arataki pai e hiahiatia ana kia mau i te whakahaere kounga tōmaha i te tēnei tārua, kia tiakina ai te rahi o ngā pārtihiri e ū ana me te hanganga matawhenua pai. Ko te whakauru i ngā kaiāwhina, pērā i te neodymium, e whakapai ake ana i te uara utu me te roa o te mārama i muri i te rā. Kua eke ngā waihanga matū ā-tiorangi ki te taumata mārama e nui ake i te 300 millicandela i runga i te mitarau tapawhā i muri i te tekau meneti o te pō, e tohu ana i ngā whakapai ake nui i ngā āhua tuatahi.

Ngā Āhuatanga Māmarama me ngā Inenga Mahi

Ko ngā roa waerenga whakahohe mō te piahu tūrama o te kounga teitei e 200 ki te 450 nanometara, ā, ko te hura hura ake kei te 365 nanometara kei te ao huaoro. Ko ngā āhuatanga tūrama e kitea ai te kaha rahi rawa ki te 520 nanometara, ā, ka hua mai te anuanu kikorangi-kākāriki e mārama ai pai ki te karu tangata. Ko ēnei āhuatanga wāhihua e tiaki ana kia uaua te whakakī i ngā tikanga māmātai rerekē pērā i te aio aiao, te māmātai huawhenua, me te māmātai LED.

Ko te roa o muri i te mārama he take matua e pā ana ki te mahi, ā, ko ngā kounga tikangia e mārama ana mō te nuinga i te 12 haora i muri i te wā pōturi e uta ana. Ko te āhua o te māmātanga he āhua e mōhiotia ana, e āwhina ana i ngā mātatau ki te tātai i ngā here mō te mārama mō ngā whakamātaitanga motuhake. Ko te pūmahara o te wāhi e tiaki ana i te mahi tika i ngā tikanga wāhi, ā, ko te kounga o te tioata māmāra e tiaki ana i tana kounga mai i te -40°C ki te +80°C kāore hoki i māmātia.

Ngā Tikanga Whakapaku me te Arataki Kounga

Ngā Tikanga me ngā Taputapu Whakanao

Ko ngā whare whakanao o te wā anuanu ka whakamahi i ngā tikanga urutāpua i te wera teitei hei whakaputa i te tioata māmāra kia pai ake te kounga. Ka tīmata te tikanga ki te ine tika me te whakakī tahi i ngā rawa, ka whai muri i te kōpua i ngā wera e pērā ake i te 1300°C i ngā tikanga hauārere whakahaere. Ko tēnei whakaritenga wera e hanga ana i te hanganga karaiti e hiahiatia ana kia mātātoko ai te tango me te tuku i ngā foton.

Ko ngā tikanga whakamarumaru kounga he whai mōhio tāwhai i te nekeneke o te ātaahua, te wehenga o te rahi o ngā pātiti, me te maunga o te matū i ngā wāhanga maha o te huringa. Ko ngā taputapu pakaru me te whakarāpopototanga advanced e whakarite ana i te rahi ōrite o ngā pātiti hei whakapaipai ai i ngā āhuatanga taraiwa ki ngā punaha kawe rereke. Ka paingia te hua mutunga kia tūhono ai ki ngā āhua whakakaha o te āroaro, te manawaroa ki te rerehua, me te pūmau matū i mua i te whakaputanga me te tuku.

Whakaritenga Aputa me te Whakapūmautanga

Āhuatanga pīkiri ātaahua i te mārama ka tika ngā whakaritenga aputa motuhake kia pai ake te roa o te ora me te taurite ki ngā matihiko rereke. Ko ngā arotini kawenga silane e whakapai ake ana i te kawenga ki ngā punaha polymeri tae atu anō ki te whakarāpopototanga ki te pouri, ka roa ake ai te wā o te whakamahi. Ko ēnei whakaritenga koa e muru ana i te kohikohinga o ngā pātiti i te wā o te whakaputanga me te mahi, e whakarite ana i ngā āhuatanga taraiwa ōrite.

Ko ngā hangarau whakapoke iwi te tiaki i ngā pūnaha mārie mai i te noho tautohe, āhuatanga hau aha me ngā tikanga whakamomori e taea ai te pa ki te mahi. Ko ngā pūnaha kōtinga matatau e pupuri ana i ngā āhuatanga mārie, e whakapai ake ana i ngā tikanga whakahaere, me te heke i te rere o te totohu i te wā o te hanganga. Kua whānuitia tēnei whanaketanga i te roa o ngā whakamahinga mō te paraihe photoluminescent i ngā taiao tāpoi tāpoi.

Whakamahinga Ki Rōpū Rorohiko

Pūnaha Haumaru me te Whakawātea Tūmatanga

Ko ngā pūnaha tūmatanui hei tētahi o ngā whakamahinga matua nui mō te paraihe photoluminescent, e tuku ana i te aronga tūpono i ngā wā o te mutunga o te hiko, i ngā take tūmatanui rānei. Kei te mōhio ake ngā ture whare i te uara o ngā matū photoluminescent mō ngā tohu putanga, ngā tohu ara, me ngā pūnaha takotoranga mata. E tuku ana ēnei whakaurunga i ngā vantepa nui ake i ngā rama tūmatanui hiko, tae atu ki te heke i ngā utu tiaki, me te wehe i ngā herekore huinga.

Ka whakamahia e ngā ahumahi moana me te rangi i te pīhikete photoluminescent mō te tohu mō ngā taputapu haumaru, mō te whakamārama i ngā paparanga taputapu, me te tautango i ngā taputapu āwhina. Ko te āhuatanga kore-hiko o ēnei matērahi ka whakaritea kia mahi tonu hatahi pea i te hinga o ngā punaha hiko, e tuku ana i te kitea ai mō ngā wherenga noho haumaru. Ko te arataki ki ngā tīmaunui haumaru ira-whānui e here ana i ngā rāwekenga ā-tūmatakarae me ngā whakaritenga roa e eke wātea ana ngā hanganga hou.

Ngā whakamahinga toi me te whare

Ko ngā kaihoahoa whare e whakauru haere ana i te pīhikete photoluminescent ki te kōnui, terrazzo, me ngā pūnaha kōpae kia āhua arohaehaetia ai, i te wā e totohu ana hoki hei whakamārama mōhio. Ko ngā whakamahinga toi he tēnei rānei he arataki ara mō te haumāra, ka whakanui ake i te haumāratanga kaua ko te huinga kaha. Ko te māmātia o ēnei matēria hāngai ai ki ngā wāhanga maha o te hoahoa whare pērā i ngā mata o ngā ara, ngā here o ngā tapa, me ngā āhuatanga taiao.

Ko ngā whakamahinga hoahoa roto e whakamahi ana i te pīhikete photoluminescent kia āhua ai ngā whakamārama ātaahua, ngā taonga hou, me ngā tūhura akoranga. Ko te āheinga o te matēria kia utaina mai i te whakamārama noa, nō reira he mea tino pai mō ngā wāhi noho me ngā wāhi pakihi i reira e kore ai e taea, e kore hoki e hiahiatia ai te whakamārama tikanga. Ko ngā hanganga hou e tuku ana i te pango ātaahua ake me te itinga i te kikorangi, kia mau tonu ai te āhua ataahua i te wā roa.

Ngā Taipitopito Tekinik me ngā Paerewa Mahi

Ngā Tīmataka me ngā Tōaitanga Matua

Ko ngā tīmataka o te ao e whakarārangihia ana i ngā tikanga mahi mō ngā pīrere photoluminescent e whakamahia ana i ngā whakaurunga haumaru, tae atu ki ngā rāwekenga iti noa rāweka muri i ngā wā whakakī me ngā wā pō. Ko DIN 67510 me ASTM E2072 e whai whakamātautau katoa ana hei whakapau kounga me te whakapono āwhina i waenganui i ngā kaihanga rerekē me ngā whakamahinga. Ka whakarārangihia e ēnei tīmataka ngā tikanga ine, ngā here mō ngā whakamātautau taiao, me ngā rohe whakaaetia o te mahi.

Ko te pīrere photoluminescent rāngahau hokohoko e eke ana ki ngā rāwekenga tuatahi o 1000-3000 millicandela per mita tapawhā, e heke ana ki ngā rāwekenga ineia muri i te 10-12 haora o te pō. Ko ngā kounga matua e piki ake ana i ēnei here tuatahi, e tuku ana i te mahi pai ake mō ngā whakamahinga uaua. Ko ngā tikanga whakamātautau tōaitanga e tiaki ana kia tutuki ngā paraka whakangao i ngā here kua tohua i mua i te tuku ki ngā kiritaki.

Whakamātau ā-wāhenga me te whai kaha

Ko te whakamātau i te mātai ahuarangi e tāroihia ana te mahi o te pīhikete photoluminescent i raro i ngā tikanga pōkai whanaketanga pērā i te pānga ki te ao hou, te mātai mōrahi, me te takotoranga o te pouri. Ko ngā matū kounga e mau ana i te kaha o te āhua aroarotia e pāneke ake i te 80% o ngā uara tuatahi i muri i te 1000 haora o ngā whakamātau ahuarangi. Ko te mātai kimikimi e tiaki ana i te whakaaetanga ki ngā matū putonga rereke me te aukati i te pōkai mai i ngā kirihou ahuarangi noa.

Whakaatu ana ngā rauemi ake ake ko te photoluminescent pigment kua tārikiria tika e pupuri ana i te mahi mō ngā tekau mā nga tau i raro i ngā tikanga ratonga noa. Ko te hanganga karakia o ngā aluminates whenua kiko e totohu ana i te tūponotanga ake ki te mātai mōrahi me te korikori hinu. Ko ēnei āhuatanga ka nui ai te matū mō ngā tūmau moe, nonaianei he iti noa ngā wāhi urupare, nui rānei te utu.

Ngā Tikanga Whakauru me ngā Tikanga Tukutuku

Te Whakaputangia i ngā Pūnaha Polymer

Ko te whakauru angitu o te pihikete photoluminescent ki ngā pouaka polymer e hiahiatia ana kia mātara tonu ki ngā tikanga tukatuka, ngā rahi o te uunga o ngā pārtihirini, me ngā āhuatanga whaiwhai. Ko te haumarutanga arataki ko te 10-30% mā te taumaha, e hāngai ana ki te rahi o te mārama e hiahia ana me ngā herehere ake. Ka taea e ngā haumarutanga teitei ake te whakapōkihiki i ngā īngoa hinonga o te matērahi, ka hiahiatia he rangahau whanaketanga kia āhua ai te mahi māmārura me te kaha o te hanganga.

Ko ngā herehere o te wāhi tukatuka e tiaki ana i te pihikete photoluminescent mai i te mupekeneta wera i te wā o te hanga. E mōhiotia ana e te nuinga o ngā rāwekenga tae atu ki te 200-250°C mō ngā wā poto, nā reira e ū ana ki ngā tikanga tukatuka mātaiarohia noa. Ko ngā tikanga tohatoha tika ka whakapūmau i te tohatoha ōrite i roto i te matērahi, ka aukati i te kohinga e taea ana te whakaroherohero i te mahi māmā.

Ngā Huihuinga Kiri me ngā Peita

Ko ngā pūnaha peita me te paninga e whakauru ana i te waikura whakaahua e hiahiatia ana he huarahi hanga motuhake hei whakatutuki i ngā āhuatanga mahi tino pai. Ko te kōwhiringa o te kaitono e pā ana ki ngā āhuatanga matapihi me te roa o te paninga oti, me ngā pūnaha acrylic me te polyurethane e tuku ana i ngā hua pai mō te nuinga o ngā tono. Ko te whakatūnga o ngā matūriki i te wā rokiroki e hiahiatia ana ngā kaiwhakawāhau reology me ngā pūkaha whakaū tika.

Ko ngā tikanga tono e tino whai pānga ana ki te māramatanga whakamutunga me te ōrite o ngā paninga whakaahua. Ko te tono paraihe e whakarato ana i nga hua tino ōrite, i te mea ko nga tikanga paraihe me te huruhuru e hiahiatia ana he tikanga tupato hei aukati i te takai, i te taupoki kore ranei. Ko te matotoru o te kiriata maroke e pā ana ki ngā taumata mārama, e hiahiatia ana he mana tika kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga mahi, me te whakahaere i ngā utu rauemi.

Ngā Tikanga Arotake me ngā Whakamātautau Kounga

Ngā kawa whakamātautau taiwhanga

Ko te tāwhai kounga o te tioata whakaputa kōiri he maha ngā tikanga whakamātautau e whakatau ana i te mahi tūmatanui me ngā āhuatanga pūmau. Ka whakamahia ngā pūtau kōiri i ngā tikanga whakaputa me te whakamātautau e whakarārangi ana. Ka whakaputangia ngā raraunga takotoranga e āwhina ai i te whāinga i waenganui i ngā rerekētanga me ngā kaihoko.

Ko te tāwhai rahi o ngā pātiti e whakapūmau ai i te matāpihi e ū ana ki ngā whakaritenga mō te whakamahi e hia ana, i te pānga o te wehenga pātiti ki ngā ītapa me te whakahaerenga. Ko ngā ako whakarārangi e whakapūmau ai i te hanganga mātātoko me te horanga o te wāhi e mātai ai i te uara o te kōiri. Ko te ako kimikia e tiaki ai i te kore āwhā o ngā karaihe taumaha me ētahi atu kikokiko e taea ai te whakakaha i te haumātauranga, i te haumātauranga rānei.

Whakamātautau i te Mahi i te Takiwā

Ko te whai mātauranga i te ao hauropi he raraunga tino nui mō te mahi a te pihikete tūrama i ngā tikanga ratonga, tae atu ki ngā taiao āhua kotahi me te takotoranga o te rangi. Mā ngā whakaurunga tuarangi ka taea te whai whakaaturanga i te kaha o te uta i ngā puna rereke o te āhua me ngā panonitanga o ngā wā o te tau. Ko te arotake roa te mea e whakaatu ana i ngā ahungatanga porohinga e kore pea e kitea ana i te whai mātauranga tūmatanui.

Ko te tuhinga whai mātauranga ko ngā ine i te kaha o te āhua i ngā wārangi tōpata, ngā tirohanga māmā mō te ōrite me te pumau o te tae, me te whai whakaaturanga i ngā panonitanga tinana ki te matēriki, ki te punaha ranei. Ka āwhina tēnei raraunga kia whai whakaaro rite ai mō te roa o te ratonga, me ngā herekore mō ngā whakamahinga motuhake. Ko ngā whakautu mai i te whai mātauranga tuarangi e arataki ana i ngā whakapai ake i ngā hanganga me ngā tikanga tukutuku.

Ngā Whanaketanga Taihoa me ngā Huarahi Hou

Ngā Hanganga Matēriki Matua

Ko te rangahau e haere tonu ana ki te whakapai ake i te mahi o te tioata photoluminescent trātata mā roto i ngā matapae hou, ngā pūnaha kaiwhakaora kua whakapai ake, me ngā rongoā mata kua whakapai ake. Ko ngā ara inihua nanoscale e tuku ana i te āheinga mō te mārama kīkaha ake me ngā āhuatanga roa ake. Ko ngā tikanga hou hāngai pea ki te hānganga i ngā matapae e āhua ana i ngā tae tūhono me te pumau ake o te taiao.

Ko ngā pūnaha paraire e hono ana i te tioata photoluminescent ki ētahi atu matapae ka taea ai ngā whakamahinga maha. Ko te whakaurunga atu ki ngā huinga thermochromic, ki ngā huinga rānei photochromic ka taea ai te hānganga i ngā matapae e urupare ana ki ētahi whakaritenga taiao maha. Ko ngā kaupapa matapae mātau ka taea te whakauru i te tioata photoluminescent ki ngā pūnaha urupare e hāpai pana ana ki ngā take e huri haere ana.

Ngā Rohe Whakamahinga Hōu

Ko ngā whakamātau taorua he māketi e tipu ana mō te pīhikete photoluminescent, me te whanaketanga o ngā rongoā muka me ngā kapi kakahu e tuku ana i te ata toru mō ngā kākahu mahi me ngā kākahu whakangāhau. Ko ngā whakamātau motokā kei roto i ngā wāhanga tapa o roto, tohu taputapu haumaru, me ngā tohu uruparea. Kei te rapu tonu te ahumahi waka i ngā whakamātau hou mō ēnei matērahi ki ngā pūnaha rere-raini, ngā tikanga noho aha, me ngā whakamātau moana.

Kei te whakauru ake ngā hua mātai kaihoko me ngā hua kāinga i te pīhikete photoluminescent mō ngā kaupapa arataki me ngā kaupapa matauranga. Kei te uiui te rangahau pūngao i ngā ara hei whakaroa i te pupuri utu me te whakanui i te mahi i raro i ngā tikanga māmā. Tonoia ana ngā whanaketanga nei kia whānui ake te arataki o ngā matērahi photoluminescent ki ngā whakamātau ia rā.

FAQ

E hia te roa e ata toru ai te pīhikete photoluminescent i te pō tino

Ko te pīhikete tioata koukounga teitei e taea ai te kitea i te ātaahua mō te wā o te 8-12 haora i muri i te tūhono ki te ao mō te 10-15 meneti anake. Ka māmā haere te ātaahua i te wā, me te koukounga hāpai ake i te haora tuatahi i muri i te wehe atu o te puna ao. Ko ngā koukounga matatau pea ka whakaatu i te ātaahua e kitea ana mō te 24 haora i raro i ngā tikanga tino pai, ahakoa ko te wa kitea i te nuinga o ngā whakamātau he 10-12 haora.

He aha ngā āhuatanga e pa ana ki te ātaahua me te roa o ngā matapae tioata koukounga

Ko ētahi whāinga e pa ana ki te mahi, tae atu ki te kaha me te roa o te rama uta, te rahi o ngā pārtihiri me te tere mōhio ki te matapao, ngā tikanga wera, me te kounga o te takotoranga tuatahi. Ko te rama UV me te rama e kitea ana e te karu e tohatoha ana i te rama pai, i te wā e 15-25% te tere o te pārtihiri ka whai hua te arotau anuanu kaore i pakaru ai ngā īngoa o te matapao. Ka taea e ngā take taiao pērā i te parurenga me te noho ki ngā kīmikara teitei i te wa roa te whakaroa i te mahi.

Ka taea te whakakotahi i te tioata photoluminescent me ngā momo peita rerekē me ngā karuwha

Āe, ko te pīhikete photoluminescent e uru ana ki te nuinga o ngā punaha kōpae e horo ana ki te wai me te kōpae e horo ana ki te paraihe, tae atu ki ngā acrylics, polyurethanes, epoxies, me ngā ātahira alkyd. Heoi anō, ka whai pānga te punaha kaiwhangai ki ngā īngoa mōhiotia me te roa o te kōpae mutunga. Ko ngā matapara e noho ana, he pai ake ngā hua, i te wā e pērā ana me ngā pūnaha pango, heoi anō e here ana i te tuku auroa, ka heke te uara whakakī. Me pupuri i raro i te 250°C ngā wā penehi hei aroha i ngā īngoa mārama.

He haumaru te pīhikete photoluminescent mō te whakamahi i ngā hua kaihoko me ngā whakamahi e pā ana ki te kai

Ko ngā rama kua whakaputangia o ngā rama o te rama o te rama kāore he mamae, ā, kāore he rama raru, ka haumaru ai mō te nuinga o ngā whakamahi kaihoko kaupapa pakari i ngā matihiko tino pai. Ahakoa, ko ngā whakamahi tākai kai tino here here i ngā rama kai-tūā, ā, i ngā whakaaetanga ture tino pai. Ko ngā matihiko kāore he pā ki te tikanga tikanga, ā, kāore he rama raru e puta ana i te wāhi whakamahi. Me tirotiro ngā puka raraunga haumaru me ngā tuhinga ture mō ngā whakamahi me ngā takiwā tino.